5 Contoh Explanation Text Bahasa Inggris Singkat beserta Strukturnya

Ilustrasi 5 contoh explanation text. Sumber: Pixabay/un-perfekt — Ilustrasi 5 contoh *explanation text*. Sumber: Pixabay/un-perfekt

Explanation text merupakan salah satu jenis teks yang dipelajari dan diujikan dalam mata pelajaran bahasa Inggris. Oleh karena itu, informasi 5 contoh explanation text beserta strukturnya sangat bermanfaat untuk digunakan sebagai bahan belajar.

Mempelajari contoh dan struktur explanation text bisa menambah pengetahuan akan jenis teks yang ada dalam bahasa Inggris. Selain itu, mempelajarinya juga bisa memudahkan seseorang dalam membedakan explanation text dengan jenis teks lainnya.

Mengetahui 5 Contoh Explanation Text Bahasa Inggris Singkat Berbagai Tema

Ilustrasi 5 contoh explanation text. Sumber: Pixabay/Ralf1403

Explanation berasal dari kata explain yang berarti menerangkan. Bisa diartikan explanation text merupakan jenis teks yang menerangkan atau menjelaskan proses-proses dalam pembentukan atau kegiatan yang terkait fenomena alam, dunia ilmiah, hingga sosial budaya.

Dengan kata lain, explanation text atau teks eksplanasi menceritakan bagaimana dan kenapa sesuatu itu bisa terjadi. Untuk lebih mengetahui teks ini, simak 5 contoh explanation text singkat berikut ini.

Contoh 1

How Do Fish Breathe?

All animals breathe just like humans. How they breathe, however, varies. Breathe by inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide as waste, in order to humans need air to breathe. So, what does that mean for animals that live in the water?

Like humans, fish also need oxygen and emit carbon dioxide to survive. But using the lungs, these creatures that live in water use organs called gills. The gills are organs located on the sides of the fish's head. These gills have many small blood vessels called capillaries.

When the fish opens, the water will flow over the gills. After that, the blood in the capillaries will pick up oxygen that is soluble in water. The blood then moves through the fish's body to provide oxygen throughout the body, just like in humans.

All bony fish also have a bony plate called an operculum. This operculum is useful for opening and water over their gills to get the amount of oxygen to survive. In addition, the gills are very useful for extracting the oxygen needed by fish.

Breathing becomes more difficult as the oxygen decreases. Low levels of oxygen concentration make it impossible for animals to survive. When pollution is high, such as waste dumped into the sea, this will cause the zone to have a low oxygen concentration level of oxygen.

Fish need clean water to breathe. Similarly, humans need clean air to breathe. Humans can help these gilled creatures to thrive by keeping their habitat free of pollutants.

Contoh 2

Tsunami

In Indonesia, we are very familiar with the word "Tsunami". This natural disaster has ever killed thousands of lives in Banda Aceh a few years ago. Then, how the Tsunami happens?Here is a brief explanation of the process of how the Asian tsunami happens.

Tsunamis can occur if there is a phenomenon which causes the displacement of large amounts of water in the ocean, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, landslides, and meteors that fall to Earth. However, 90% of tsunamis is the result of underwater earthquakes.

Vertical movement in the Earth's crust in the bottom of the ocean causes a sudden up or down movement of sea floor which then causes the water balance disorders above it.

This disturbance causes the occurrence of the flow of the massive sea water energy, that once it reaches the shore, it becomes huge waves resulting Tsunami.

Contoh 3

Global Warming

As we know now, global warming which is happening right now has a very big impact on natural conditions, animals and humans. Well, do you know how global warming which has a particularly serious impact on life happens?

The process starts when sunlight shines the earth. Where most of the heat is absorbed by the earth and a half of it is reflected back onto the air (atmosphere).

Sunshine returning to the air is trapped by gases in the atmosphere such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, methane, water vapor, and so on. This event is known as the greenhouse effect.

Solar radiation on the earth's atmosphere makes ozone layer get thinner and makes the sunlight which shines the Earth become hotter. The greenhouse effect also causes the sunlight which is reflected back onto space is reflected back into the earth.

This phenomenon causes the earth continuously getting hotter. This condition is known as global warming.

Contoh 4

How Cell Phones Work

A cell phone is a great gadget in this modern world. Million people use cell phone for their communication. Even nowadays, people use cell phones to communicate in voice, written, and data.

Alexander Graham Bell is the person who make great change in the way people communicate to each other. He invented a telephone in 1876. However do you know how actually cell phones work?

A cell phone or in long term "cellular telephone" works by transmitting signals of radio to towers of cellular. The towers are networked to a central switching station. The connection usually uses wire, fiber optic-cables, or microwave.

Then, the central switching station which handles calls in certain given area is directed connected to the wire-based telephone system. Cellulars are pick up by the towers and relayed to another cellular telephone user or the user of wire-based telephone network.

The towers vary in the capacity and capability to receive signals. Some can receive the signal from short distance and the others can receive more distance. However, there are usually more than one tower in certain given area so that the system can handle the increasing telephone traffic.

Contoh 5

How Do Seasons Happen?

Seasons come to us regularly. We have probably noticed that it gets warmer in the summer or dry season while it gets colder in the winter or wet season. However, do we know how these seasons change?

Seasons happen and change every year. This happens because the earth tilts back and forth as it goes around the sun. During the summer, the earth tilts toward the sun. It makes half of the earth hotter. This condition is what we call summer.

During the other half of the year, the earth tilts away from the sun. As a result, it makes that half of the earth cooler. This cool condition is then what we call winter.

The different parts of the world have the same season at different times. In the northern half of the world, like North America and Europe, winter happens during the months of December, January, and February.

On the other hand, the southern half of the world, such as South America and Australia, has winter during the months of June, July, and August. How does this difference happen?

The same season happens at different times because the top and bottom halves of the earth tilt away from the sun at different times.

Struktur Explanation Text yang Menarik untuk Diketahui

Ilustrasi 5 contoh explanation text. Sumber: Pixabay/Pexels

Dari contoh di atas dapat dikatahui bahwa explanation text tersusun atas tiga bagian yaitu pembuka, isi, dan penutup. Dikutip dalam buku Target Nilai 10 UN SMA/MA IPA 2016 Sistem CBT oleh The King Eduka, dkk (2015:210) struktur explanation text terdiri dari tiga bagian di antaranya sebagai berikut.

1. General Statement

General statement berisi tentang penjelasan umum mengenai fenomena yang nantinya akan dibahas. Bisa berupa pengenalan atau penjelasan mengenai fenomena tersebut.

2. Squenced of explanation

Pada bagian ini, explanation text berisikan tentang penjelasan alasan suatu fenomena bisa terjadi atau tercipta. Dalam tahap ini, terdiri dari jawaban why atau how. Tahap ini pula dapat terdiri dari beberapa paragraf.

3. Closing

Closing atau penutup merupakan bagian bagian akhir dari explanation text. Bagian ini berisikan ringkasan atau kesimpulan dari seluruh penjelasan yang telah disampaikan sebelumnya.

Explanation text merupakan salah satu teks yang menarik dan penuh informasi. Dengan mengetahui 5 contoh explanation text singkat beserta strukturnya di atas, diharapkan pembaca bisa lebih mudah mengenali ciri-ciri dan pola penyusunan teks ini. (MRZ)